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. 2023 Nov 7;18:841. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-04337-9

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Simplified diagram of the three internal fixation devices. a Bespoke 3D-printed titanium alloy plates. This model is fixed by an integrated plate and 9 screws. There are wings above the arcuate line and the pubic ramus. Two screws are inserted in the posterior column of the quadrilateral area. b Union Plate. This model is composed of an integrated plate and 6 screws, one of which is fixed on the rear column in the quadrilateral area. c Common reconstruction plate. This model consists of a plate above the arcuate line and 6 screws. d As shown in the figure, the red arrow is the direction of the force on the model. The yellow oval area is the constrained area