Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jul 10;120(29):e2303109120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2303109120

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.

This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2. — Climate impacts for NFT transactions. (A) Yearly energy consumption for NFT transactions under ETH operating on PoW and expected energy consumption under PoS for multiple growing trajectories of the number of NFT transactions. (B) Comparison between energy consumption due to NFTs pre- and posttransition to PoS based on exponential growth in the number of NFT transactions with average annual energy consumed by US households. (C) Yearly GHG emissions due to processing of NFT transactions after implementation of PoS with validators utilizing grid power based on multiple growing trajectories of the number of NFT transactions. (D) Cumulative carbon debt accumulated due to NFTs under PoW and after implementation of PoS based on multiple growing trajectories of the number of NFT transactions.