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. 2023 Jul 10;120(29):e2303109120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2303109120

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Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.

This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).

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Fig. 4. — (A) Total NFT transactions that can be processed using different values of potential hydropower from NPDs utilizing direct powering, green hydrogen, and green ammonia as energy carrier alternatives. (B) Breakeven gas fee and total transactions that can be powered under different utilization rates of curtailment power in Texas with green hydrogen as an energy carrier. (C) Breakeven gas fee to power NFT transactions utilizing green hydrogen and green ammonia with different transport distances. (D) Lifecycle GHG emissions to power NFT transaction using green hydrogen as the energy carrier with different transport distances under a fixed breakeven gas fee of $5/transaction.