| min | Gaverage |
| s.t. | Load balance constraints given in SI Appendix, Eqs. S12–S18, S34–S42, and S63–S65 |
| Economic evaluation constraints given in SI Appendix, Eqs. S19–S25, S43–S58, and S69–S75 | |
| Life cycle environmental impact analysis constraints given in SI Appendix, Eqs. S26–S33, S59–S62, and S66–S68 |