TABLE 1.
Incidence and Incidence Rate Ratios of Pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C Hospitalizations Throughout the Pandemic
| I: Cases | II: Incidence Rate Per 1,000,000 Pediatric Person Months | III: Incidence Rate Ratio | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Hospitalizations Infants (<1 Year) | COVID-19 Hospitalizations Children (≥1 Year) | MIS-C | COVID-19 Hospitalizations Infants (<1 Year) | COVID-19 Hospitalizations Children (≥1 Year) | MIS-C | COVID-19 Hospitalizations Infants (<1 year) | COVID-19 Hospitalizations Children (≥1 year) | MIS-C | MIS-C Adjusted for Pediatric COVID-19 Hospitalizations | |
| wild-type (12.4 months) | 66 | 48 | 75 | 3.4 (CI: 2.8–4.1) | 2.5 (CI: 2.0–3.1) | 2.2 (CI: 1.7–2.8) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Alpha (4.1 months) | 17 | 9 | 26 | 2.6 (CI: 1.8–3.8) | 1.4 (CI: 0.8–2.3) | 2.3 (CI: 1.5–3.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.1; ns) | 0.6 (0.3–0.9; ns) | 1.0 (0.7–1.6; ns) | 1.5 (1.0–2.4; ns) |
| Delta (6.0 months) | 44 | 28 | 65 | 4.7 (CI: 3.7–5.9) | 3.0 (CI: 2.3–4.0) | 4.0 (CI: 3.1–5.0) | 1.4 (1.0–1.8; ns) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7; ns) | 1.8 (1.3–2.5; **) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9; ns) |
| Omicron (5.9 months) | 66 | 45 | 19 | 7.2 (CI: 6.0–8.7) | 4.9 (CI: 3.9–6.2) | 1.2 (CI: 0.7–1.8) | 2.1 (1.6–2.7; ***) | 2.0 (1.5–2.7; ***) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9; *) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4; ***) |
| Population immunity (6.0 months) | 33 | 6 | 0 | 3.5 (CI: 2.7–4.6) | 0.7 (CI: 0.3–1.2) | 0.0 (CI: 0.0–0.2) | 1.0 (0.8–1.4; ns) | 0.3 (0.1–0.5; ***) | No cases | No cases |
I: Number of children with COVID-19 and MIS-C included in our study during the different phases of the pandemic, excluding patients from Curaçao and Surinam. II: Incidence rate per 1,000,000 pediatric person months. COVID-19 incidence rate was corrected for study coverage. III: Incidence rate ratio (IRR) during the different phases of the pandemic, as compared to wild-type. For MIS-C incidence rate ratio is also shown adjusted for pediatric COVID-19 hospital admissions in the different pandemic phases. IRR (95% confidence interval, P value). The P value was calculated using the z score obtained by the Poisson distribution model (P values: ≥0.05 ns, <0.05*, <0.01**, <0.001***). No MIS-C cases were observed during the population immunity phase.
MIS-C indicates multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.