Figure 4. The impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on fetal myeloid cells.
(A) Violin plot of module scores within monocyte subsets for cytokine signaling. (B) Bubble plot of functional enrichment of DEGs within the IL-1B classical monocyte cluster. Size indicates number of genes and color represents P value. (C) Violin plots of select DEGs within IL-1B classical monocytes. (D) Bar graphs of activation phenotypes by maternal infection status. (E and F) Scatterplot comparing immune mediators (pg/mL) in culture supernatants of UCBMCs stimulated overnight with (E) RSV or (F) E. coli in control and maternal SARS+ groups. N = 8/group. Group differences between data sets normally distributed were tested using an unpaired t test (for data sets with equal variances) or an unpaired t test with Welch’s correction (for cases with unequal variances). Data sets not normally distributed were subjected to nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Error bars represent the data mean ± SEM. (#P < 0.1, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.)