Table 2.
Growth inhibitory efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaves/diminazene aceturate combinations on bovine Babesia and equine Babesia and Theileria infections.
| Group | Fluorescence values (mean ± SD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B. bovis | B. bigemina | T. equi | B. caballi | |
| Control | 253.07 ± 5.09 | 223.62 ± 1.37 | 311.95 ± 9.79 | 296.04 ± 1.88 |
| DA IC50 | 115.50 ± 0.17 | 117.92 ± 2.66 | 149.45 ± 0.21 | 126.63 ± 0.49 |
| M1 (3/4 : 3/4) | 16.78 ± 0.63∗∗ | 115.90 ± 5.57∗ | 1.04 ± 1.14∗∗ | 71.02 ± 0.57∗∗ |
| M2 (3/4 : 1/2) | 27.91 ± 0.09∗∗ | 150.28 ± 3.10∗ | 7.64 ± 1.15∗∗ | 86.92 ± 0.31∗∗ |
| M3 (1/2 : 3/4) | 27.32 ± 0.28∗∗ | 159.27 ± 1.53∗ | 13.64 ± 0.83∗∗ | 89.12 ± 0.29∗∗ |
| M4 (1/2 : 1/2) | 27.97 ± 0.44∗∗ | 160.87 ± 2.38∗ | 15.48 ± 0.83∗∗ | 89.85 ± 1.10∗∗ |
| M5 (1/4 : ¾) | 70.56 ± 0.41∗∗ | 171.57 ± 1.72∗ | 19.14 ± 0.58∗∗ | 91.79 ± 0.69∗∗ |
| M6 (1/4 : 1/2) | 95.48 ± 1.85∗∗ | 194.73 ± 2.54∗ | 21.36 ± 0.83∗∗ | 97.85 ± 1.31∗∗ |
| M7 (1/8 : 3/4) | 142.13 ± 1.37∗ | 199.22 ± 0.55∗ | 36.29 ± 1.36∗∗ | 114.99 ± 1.70∗∗ |
| M8 (1/8 : 1/2) | 150.31 ± 1.62∗ | 202.10 ± 1.06∗ | 36.19 ± 0.24∗∗ | 115.05 ± 3.45∗∗ |
∗ P < 0.05 statistically significant differences between the mixed-drug-treated and control groups only. ∗∗P < 0.05 statistically significant differences between the mixed-drug-treated group and both the diminazen aceturate and control groups. M1–8 refer to the combinations of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL): DA, diminazen aceturate.