Table 9.

Effects of antibiotics and amino acids on pig antioxidant activity and oxidative/nitrosative damage¹

Item2	ATB−3		ATB+4		SEM	P-value
	18.5% CP5	13.0% CP6	18.5% CP5	13.0% CP6		ATB	CP	CP × ATB
66 d of age
CAT, U/ml	275.6	275.5	273.0	277.0	7.85	0.947	0.816	0.804
SOD, U/ml	161.7	167.7	161.0	169.0	7.64	0.964	0.364	0.894
GSH, U/ml	12.09	11.90	12.00	12.16	1.03	0.936	0.988	0.873
FRAP, µmol/ml	1.68	1.64	1.69	1.59	0.06	0.761	0.290	0.634
PC, nmol/ml	9.75	12.00	8.84	8.39	0.63	0.004	0.213	0.065
NO, nmol/ml	6.05	4.35	4.55	3.54	0.87	0.235	0.163	0.724
MDA, nmol/ml	2.20	2.16	2.12	2.11	0.06	0.379	0.692	0.815
87 d of age
CAT, U/ml	306.3	291.6	308.9	295.3	11.51	0.785	0.228	0.960
SOD, U/ml	183.9	184.3	173.1	182.4	9.34	0.520	0.619	0.650
GSH, U/ml	12.32	9.91	10.23	12.22	0.83	0.893	0.802	0.012
FRAP, µmol/ml	1.83a	1.84a	1.90a	1.75b	0.03	0.853	0.035	0.014
PC, nmol/ml	7.79	7.87	8.38	7.24	0.56	0.967	0.390	0.326
NO, nmol/ml	3.83	3.61	3.60	2.91	0.68	0.648	0.664	0.618
MDA, nmol/ml	1.72	1.80	1.75	1.67	0.06	0.474	0.946	0.273

¹Experimental medicated diets (ATB +) were fed from 59 to 73 d old. In the post-medicated period, all pigs were fed their respective crude protein (CP) control diets from 73 to 87 d of age.

²FRAP, ferric reducing antioxidant plasma; CAT, catalase; GSH, glutathione; SOD, superoxide dismutase; PC, protein carbonyl; NO, nitric oxide; MDA, malondialdehyde.

³ATB -, diet without antibiotics.

⁴ATB +, diet with 100 mg/kg tiamulin and 506 mg/kg oxytetracycline.

⁵18.5% CP, diet with 18.5% of CP.

⁶13.0

% CP, diet with 13.0% of CP.

^a‐

^bMeans with different superscripts within a row differ (P < 0.05).