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. 2023 Nov 7;219(8):75. doi: 10.1007/s11214-023-01011-8

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Fig. 11 — Two different observations of dipolarization fronts, demonstrating features consistent with predominantly Fermi (left column) and betatron (right column) acceleration (Adapted from Fu et al. 2011). When the outflow speed is decreasing (Panel (e)), the Flux Pileup Region (FPR) is considered decaying (Panel (a)) and the energetic (>40 keV) electrons exhibit parallel anisotropy (Panel (c)). In contrast, when the outflow speed is increasing (Panel (f)), the FPR is considered growing (Panel (b)) and the energetic electrons exhibit perpendicular anisotropy (Panel (d))