Fig. 1. Disordered dielectric metasurface array with weak dichroism.

a Metasurface element composed of a two-dimensional array of polarization-dependent meta-pixels. b The operational principle of a single meta-pixel. Each meta-pixel mapping to the sensor pixels is sensitive to two arbitrary orthogonal SoPs [${\stackrel{\rightharpoonup }{\alpha }}^{+}$,${\stackrel{\rightharpoonup }{\alpha }}^{-}$], including linear and circular polarizations. I represents the light intensity. ${\mu }_1$ and ${\mu }_2$ denote the transmission coefficients. c–e Experimentally measured transmission of three representative meta-pixels with operation wavelengths covering the entire visible range from 400 nm to 700 nm. f Optical microscope image of the fabricated metasurface device. The inset shows a zoomed-in meta-pixel array. g, h The SEM images show the top view and oblique view of the TiO₂ nanopillars.