TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| N=635 | |
|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |
| Age [median (IQR)] (yr) | 69 (61–75) |
| Age≥75 yr | 139 (21.9) |
| BMI [median (IQR)] (kg/m2) | 25 (23–28) |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 81 (12.8) |
| Male | 354 (55.7) |
| Comorbidity and medical history, any | 396 (62.4) |
| Diabetes | 129 (20.3) |
| Pulmonary disease | 93 (14.6) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 90 (14.2) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 65 (10.2) |
| Oncologic disease <5 yr prior | 51 (8.0) |
| Pancreatitis | 51 (8.0) |
| Cerebrovascular attack | 40 (6.3) |
| Kidney disease | 28 (4.4) |
| Gastric ulcer disease | 14 (2.2) |
| Liver disease | 12 (1.9) |
| ASA physical status | |
| I and II | 431 (67.9) |
| III and IV | 204 (32.1) |
| Neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy | 46 (7.2) |
| Pancreatic classification, available in n=499 | |
| (A) Not-soft (hard) texture and MPD >3 mm | 108 (21.6) |
| (B) Not-soft (hard) texture and MPD ≤3 mm | 64 (12.9) |
| (C) Soft texture and MPD >3 mm | 93 (18.7) |
| (D) Soft texture and MPD ≤3 mm | 234 (46.9) |
| Disease characteristics | |
| Vascular involvement | 81 (12.4) |
| Malignant disease | 426 (67.1) |
| Pancreatic cancer | 165 (26.0) |
| Distal cholangiocarcinoma | 88 (13.9) |
| Ampullary cancer | 110 (17.3) |
| Other | 63 (9.9) |
| Premalignant/benign disease | 209 (32.9) |
| Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm | 88 (13.9) |
| Adenoma | 27 (4.3) |
| Autoimmune or IgG4-related disease | 15 (2.4) |
| Chronic pancreatitis | 20 (3.1) |
| Other benign | 59 (9.3) |
ASA indicates American Society of Anesthesiologists; Ig, immunoglobulin.