Table 1.
Characteristics of survivors and deceased patients treated with cefiderocol
| Variable | SurvivorsCSBARLINE (N = 90) | DeceasedCSBARLINE (N = 52) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), years | 65 (51–73) | 68 (59–78) | 0.06 |
| Males, N (%) | 68 (75.6) | 35 (67.3) | 0.33 |
| Ward category, N (%) | |||
| ICU | 43 (47.8) | 36 (69.2) | <0.05 |
| Medical ward | 33 (36.7) | 15 (28.9) | |
| Surgical ward | 14 (15.6) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Hospital, N (%) | |||
| AOU-C | 38 (42.2) | 19 (36.5) | 0.44 |
| Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona | 43 (47.8) | 24 (46.2) | |
| Ospedale Cotugno | 9 (10) | 9 (17.3) | |
| Underlying condition, N (%) | |||
| Diabetes | 16 (17.8) | 20 (38.5) | <0.05 |
| Heart failure | 10 (11.1) | 14 (26.9) | <0.05 |
| COPD | 15 (16.7) | 11 (21.2) | 0.51 |
| Coronary heart disease | 10 (11.1) | 10 (19.2) | 0.21 |
| Chronic renal failure | 10 (11.1) | 14 (26.9) | <0.05 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 13 (14.4) | 11 (21.2) | 0.4 |
| Neoplasm | |||
| Localized neoplasm | 8 (8.9) | 9 (17.3) | 0.16 |
| Metastatic neoplasm | 6 (6.7) | 6 (11.5) | |
| Obesity (missing 51) | 11 (19.6) | 9 (25.7) | 0.6 |
| Smoking (missing 64) | |||
| Smoker | 19 (41.3) | 9 (28.1) | 0.53 |
| Former smoker | 13 (28.3) | 11 (34.4) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 3 (2–6) | 6 (4–8) | <0.001 |
| MEWS score, median (IQR) | 2 (0–4) | 3 (2–5) | <0.05 |
| APACHE-II, median (IQR) | 13 (8–18) | 19 (14–25) | <0.001 |
| Reason for hospidalization, N (%) | |||
| Infection | 14 (15.6) | 12 (23.1) | 0.12 |
| Trauma | 16 (17.8) | 3 (5.8) | |
| COVID-19 | 21 (23.3) | 9 (17.3) | |
| Respiratory failure | 2 (2.2) | 3 (5.8) | |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 13 (14.4) | 6 (11.5) | |
| Hepatic diseases | 4 (4.4) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Surgical intervention | 14 (15.6) | 7 (13.5) | |
| Others | 6 (6.7) | 10 (19.2) | |
| Type of infection, N (%) | |||
| Bacteraemia | 14 (15.6) | 5 (9.6) | 0.5 |
| UTI | 8 (8.9) | 4 (7.7) | |
| IAI | 9 (10) | 4 (7.7) | |
| Pneumonia | 46 (51.1) | 35 (67.3) | |
| ABSSSI | 6 (6.7) | 3 (5.8) | |
| Others | 7 (7.8) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Positive blood cultures, n (%) | 31 (34.4) | 14 (26.9) | 0.45 |
| Resistance to cefiderocol,a n (%) | 12 (32) | 5 (20) | 0.39 |
| Type of bacterium, n (%) | |||
| A. baumannii | 56 (62.2) | 33 (63.5) | |
| K. pneumoniae | 13 (14.4) | 9 (17.3) | |
| P. aeruginosa | 19 (21.1) | 8 (15.4) | 0.76 |
| Others | 2 (2.2) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Coinfection, N (%) | |||
| Overall | 62 (68.9) | 32 (61.5) | 0.46 |
| Gram-negative | 16 (25.8) | 11 (34.4) | <0.05 |
| Gram-positive | 23 (37.1) | 8 (25) | |
| Mixed | 14 (22.6) | 2 (6.3) | |
| Fungal | 9 (14.5) | 11 (34.4) | |
| Therapy, N (%) | |||
| >10 days of antibiotic treatment before cefiderocolb | 26 (36.6) | 21 (52.5) | 0.11 |
| >10 days of cefiderocol treatment | 49 (54.4) | 22 (42.3) | 0.22 |
| Combination therapy | 43 (47.8) | 29 (55.8) | 0.39 |
| One other active antimicrobial | 36 (43.4) | 27 (54) | 0.28 |
| Two other active antimicrobials | 7 (7.8) | 2 (3.9) | 0.49 |
| Outcomes | |||
| In-hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 54 (30–81) | 32 (22–50) | <0.001 |
| Microbiological cure,c N (%) | 35 (54.7) | 10 (35.7) | 0.12 |
| Major events,d N (%) | |||
| ARDS | 43 (47.8) | 46 (88.5) | <0.001 |
| AKI | 24 (26.7) | 30 (57.7) | <0.001 |
| Septic shock | 30 (33.3) | 40 (76.9) | <0.001 |
Numbers in bold are statistically significant.
aSusceptibility testing for cefiderocol was performed in only 28 isolates of A. baumannii (31.5%), 16 cases of K. pneumoniae (72.7%) and 16 isolates of P. aeruginosa (59.2%).
bRegardless of the antibiotics used.
cMicrobiological cure available on 92/142 patients who had follow-up cultures available.
dAfter entering the observation period.