Table 2.
Subgroups of patients treated with cefiderocol monotherapy versus cefiderocol combination therapy
| Variable | Total (N = 142) | Monotherapy (N = 70) | Combination therapy (N = 72) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), years | 66.5 (54–75) | 66 (57–73) | 67 (50–76) | 0.96 |
| Males, n (%) | 103 (72.5) | 54 (77.1) | 49 (68.1) | 0.26 |
| Ward category, n (%) | ||||
| ICU | 79 (55.6) | 38 (54.3) | 41 (56.9) | 0.88 |
| Medical ward | 48 (33.8) | 25 (35.7) | 23 (31.9) | |
| Surgical ward | 15 (10.6) | 7 (10) | 8 (11.1) | |
| Hospital, n (%) | ||||
| AOU-C | 57 (40.1) | 22 (31.4) | 35 (48.6) | <0.05 |
| Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona | 67 (47.2) | 35 (50) | 32 (44.4) | |
| Ospedale Cotugno | 18 (12.7) | 13 (18.6) | 5 (6.9) | |
| Underlying condition, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 36 (25.3) | 15 (21.4) | 21 (29.2) | 0.34 |
| Heart failure | 24 (16.9) | 10 (14.3) | 14 (19.4) | 0.5 |
| COPD | 26 (18.3) | 9 (12.9) | 17 (23.6) | 0.13 |
| Coronary heart disease | 20 (14.1) | 7 (10) | 13 (18.1) | 0.23 |
| Chronic renal failure | 24 (16.9) | 9 (12.9) | 15 (20.8) | 0.23 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 24 (16.9) | 12 (17.1) | 12 (16.7) | 1 |
| Neoplasm | ||||
| Localized neoplasm | 17 (12) | 14 (20) | 3 (4.2) | <0.05 |
| Metastatic neoplasm | 12 (8.5) | 6 (8.6) | 6 (8.3) | |
| Obesity (missing 51) | 20 (22) | 7 (14.9) | 13 (29.6) | 0.13 |
| Smoking (missing 64) | ||||
| Smoker | 28 (35.9) | 15 (39.5) | 13 (32.5) | 0.44 |
| Former smoker | 24 (30.8) | 9 (23.7) | 15 (37.5) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 4 (2–7) | 4 (3–7) | 4 (2–7) | 0.79 |
| MEWS score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 5 (2–6) | 0.71 |
| APACHE-II, median (IQR) | 16 (10–20) | 16 (9–20) | 16 (11–20) | 0.92 |
| Reason for hospitalization, n (%) | ||||
| Infection | 26 (18.3) | 16 (22.9) | 10 (14.4) | 0.87 |
| Trauma | 19 (13.4) | 8 (11.4) | 11 (15.3) | |
| COVID-19 | 30 (21.1) | 15 (21.4) | 15 (20.8) | |
| Respiratory failure | 5 (3.5) | 2 (2.9) | 3 (4.2) | |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 19 (13.4) | 8 (11.4) | 11 (15.3) | |
| Hepatic diseases | 6 (4.2) | 3 (4.3) | 3 (4.2) | |
| Surgical intervention | 21 (14.8) | 9 (12.9) | 12 (16.7) | |
| Others | 16 (11.2) | 9 (12.9) | 7 (9.7) | |
| Type of infection, n (%) | ||||
| Bacteraemia | 19 (13.4) | 11 (15.7) | 8 (11.1) | <0.05 |
| UTI | 12 (8.5) | 5 (7.1) | 7 (9.7) | |
| IAI | 13 (9.2) | 7 (10) | 6 (8.3) | |
| LRTI | 81 (57) | 44 (62.9) | 37 (51.4) | |
| ABSSSI | 9 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 9 (12.5) | |
| Others | 3 (2.1) | 3 (4.3) | 5 (6.7) | |
| Positive blood cultures, n (%) | 45 (31.7) | 20 (28.6) | 25 (34.7) | 0.47 |
| Resistance to cefiderocol,a n (%) | 17 (27.9) | 7 (25.9) | 10 (29.4) | 1 |
| Type of bacterium, n (%) | ||||
| A. baumannii | 89 (62.7) | 42 (60) | 47 (65.3) | 0.76 |
| K. pneumoniae | 22 (15.5) | 11 (15.7) | 11 (15.3) | |
| P. aeruginosa | 27 (19) | 14 (20) | 13 (18.1) | |
| Others | 4 (2.8) | 3 (4.3) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Coinfection, n (%) | ||||
| Overall | 94 (66.2) | 45 (64.3) | 49 (68.1) | 0.38 |
| Gram-negative | 27 (28.7) | 12 (26.7) | 15 (30.6) | |
| Gram-positive | 31 (32.3) | 17 (37.8) | 14 (28.6) | |
| Mixed | 16 (17) | 6 (13.3) | 10 (20.4) | |
| Fungal | 20 (21.2) | 10 (22.2) | 10 (20.4) | |
| Therapy, n (%) | ||||
| >10 days of antibiotic treatment before cefiderocolb | 47 (42.3) | 18 (37.5) | 29 (46) | 0.44 |
| >10 days of cefiderocol treatment | 71 (50) | 33 (47.1) | 38 (52.8) | 0.62 |
| Outcome | ||||
| In-hospital stay (IQR), days | 42 (26–65) | 41 (24–64) | 43 (28–70) | 0.3 |
| 30-day mortality, n (%) | 52 (36.6) | 23 (32.9) | 29 (40.3) | 0.39 |
| Microbiological cure,c n (%) | 45 (48.9) | 22 (45.8) | 23 (52.3) | 0.68 |
| Major events,d n (%) | ||||
| ARDS | 89 (62.7) | 42 (60) | 47 (65.3) | 0.6 |
| AKI | 54 (38) | 26 (37.1) | 28 (38.9) | 0.86 |
| Septic shock | 70 (49.3) | 34 (48.6) | 36 (50) | 0.87 |
Numbers in bold are statistically significant.
aSusceptibility testing for cefiderocol was performed in only 61 isolates (43%).
bRegardless of the antibiotics used.
cMicrobiological cure available on 92/142 patients who had follow-up cultures available.
dAfter entering in the observation period.