Table 1. Demographical and clinical characteristics of patients with severity of OSA.

		No OSA ( n  = 353)	Mild OSA ( n  = 494)	Moderate OSA ( n  = 359)	Severe OSA ( n  = 321)	P
Age		39.51 ± 11.39	44.25 ± 10.38	46.28 ± 10.46	45.97 ± 11.19	0.001*
Gender (male %)		224 (63.5%)	399 (80.8%)	324(90.3%)	298 (92.8)	0.001*
BMI (kg/m 2 )		25.36 ± 2.86	26.53 ± 2.22	26.94 ± 1.91	27.34 ± 2.02	0.001*
Waist Circumference (cm)		87.72 ± 9.68	92.92 ± 7.91	94.92 ± 6.95	96.34 ± 7.36	0.001*
Hip Circumference (cm)		97.52 ± 7.64	100.01 ± 6.44	99.74 ± 7.38	100.63 ± 5.38	0.001*
Neck Circumference (cm)		35.27 ± 3.41	36.75 ± 3.19	37.67 ± 2.88	38.13 ± 3.09	0.001*
WHR		0.903 ± 0.123	0.930 ± 0.067	0.964 ± 0.272	0.958 ± 0.064	0.001*
NHR		0.208 ± 0.017	0.214 ± 0.018	0.218 ± 0.016	0.220 ± 0.018	0.001*
Smoking status, n (%)	Active smoker	155 (44.2%)	188 (38.1%)	139(38.7%)	142 (44.2%)	0.007*
	Never smoker	152 (43.3%)	193 (39.1%)	133 (37.0%)	104 (32.4%)
	Ex smoker	44 (12.5%)	113 (22.9%)	87(24.2%)	75 (73.4%)
Cigarette pocket/year		15.50 ± 10.33	16.99 ± 9.99	18.02 ± 12.70	18.14 ± 10.55	0.051
Hypertension (%)		23 (6.5%)	33 (6.7%)	36 (10.0%)	41 (12.8%)	0.007*
IHD (%)		2 (0.6%)	14 (2.8%)	14 (3.9%)	12 (3.7%)	0.026*
CHF(%)		8 (2.3%)	20 (4.0%)	20 (5.6%)	11 (3.4%)	0.142
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)		198.14 ± 42.32	210.70 ± 41.03	213.61 ± 42.85	214.77 ± 41.01	0.001*
HDL cholesterol level (mg/dL)		49.50 ± 12.06	47.56 ± 11.21	45.56 ± 10.02	44.26 ± 9.37	0.001*
LDL cholesterol level (mg/dL)		124.31 ± 35.89	134.15 ± 35.66	156.54 ± 37.15	136.93 ± 35.26	0.001*
Triglyceride level (mg/dL)		122.79 ± 72.10	145.35 ± 96.20	159.25 ± 107.39	167.18 ± 99.39	0.001*
Glucose level (mmol/L)		92.92 ± 9.14	95.16 ± 8.88	95.68 ± 9.15	97.30 ± 8.88	0.001*
TyG		8.51 ± 0.49	8.69 ± 0.53	8.78 ± 0.52	8.86 ± 0.51	0.001*
CRP (mg/dL)		2.80 ± 4.89	3.05 ± 4.92	3.21 ± 3.76	4.75 ± 8.02	0.001*
ESS		8.24 ± 4.17	8.71 ± 4.54	8.45 ± 4.28	9.64 ± 4.85	0.001*
Total sleep time (min)		402.87 ± 40.52	407.98 ± 38.27	403.49 ± 42.27	386.89 ± 62.73	0.001*
Sleep (%)		86.95 ± 7.16	87.77 ± 7.21	87.31 ± 7.25	87.16 ± 7.22	0.397
REM (%)		19.66 ± 5.60	20.27 ± 5.40	19.27 ± 5.87	17.08 ± 6.34	0.001*
AHI (1/h)		2.30 ± 1.46	9.09 ± 2.70	20.99 ± 4.04	48.31 ± 15.34	0.001*
ODI (1/h)		2.26 ± 5.34	6.92 ± 4.39	16.87 ± 6.02	41.44 ± 16.67	0.001*
TST 90% (min)		3.25 ± 23.85	6.90 ± 28.82	11.14 ± 24.95	45.45 ± 56.21	0.001*
Min Sat02 (%)		91.06 ± 3.14	87.59 ± 4.40	84.85 ± 5.52	78.72 ± 8.39	0.001*

Abbreviations: AHI, apnea hypopnea index; BMI, body mass index; CHD, congestive heart disease; ESS, epworth sleep scale; IHD, ischemic heart disease; Min Sat O ₂ %, minimum oxygen saturation percentage; NHR, ratio of neck to hip circumference; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; TST90%, time spent with O ₂ under 90%; TyG, triglyceride glucose index; WHR, ratio of waist to hip circumference.

Notes: ^† mean ± SD.

*: p  < 0.05.