Table 1.
Associations Between Cytokines, JAK Kinases, and STAT Proteins
| Cytokines | JAK | STAT |
|---|---|---|
| IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, IL-21 (all share a γ-chain with IL-2R) | JAK1, JAK3 | STAT1, STAT3 (JAK1), STAT5 (JAK1/JAK3) |
| IL-2 (IL-2Rαβγ) | JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 | STAT1, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5 |
| IL-3, G-CSF, GM-CSF | JAK2 | STAT5 (JAK2/JAK2) |
| IL-4 | JAK1, JAK3 | STAT6 |
| IL-5 | JAK1, JAK2 | STAT1 (JAK1/JAK2), STAT5 (JAK2) |
| IL-6, IL-11 | JAK1, JAK2, TYK2 | STAT3 (JAK2/TYK2; JAK1) |
| IL-12 | JAK2, TYK2 | STAT4 (JAK2/TYK2) |
| IL-13 | JAK1, JAK2, TYK2 | STAT6 (JAK1/TYK2) |
| IFNα/β | JAK1, TYK2 | STAT1/STAT2, STAT4 (JAK2/TYK2) |
| IFNγ | JAK1, JAK2 | STAT1/STAT1 (JAK1/JAK2) |
| IL-10 family: IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26 | JAK1 | STAT3 (JAK1) |
| IL-10 (IL-10R) | JAK1, TYK2 | STAT1, STAT3 |
| IL-23 | JAK2, TYK2 | STAT3 (JAK2/TYK2), STAT4 (JAK2/TYK2) |
The parentheses indicate the specific JAKs or their combination, present on the same cytokine receptor, that activate the corresponding STAT monomer or dimer. Additional regulatory components, such as suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, can also modulate JAK-STAT signaling. References: [2, 59–65]