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. 2023 Nov 8;14:7191. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43006-7

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© The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Spatial expression patterns of ZmSUT (14 DAP) and Betl9 (14 and 18 DAP) genes. b Semi-thin sections (panels 1 and 2) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, panels 3 and 4) of the BETL region in the wild-type KN5585 (panels 1 and 3) and zmsutRNAi-1/7 (panels 2 and 4) seeds at 14 DAP. The experiment was independently repeated three times. In panels 1 and 2, bars = 100 μm; in panels 3 and 4, bars = 5 μm. c Plant phenotypes of the wild-type KN5585, selfing zmsut1/7RNAi-1, selfing zmsut1/7RNAi-2, WT × RNAi-1 and WT × RNAi-2. Bar = 10 cm. d Kernel phenotypes of the wild-type KN5585, selfing RNAi-1, selfing RNAi-2, WT × RNAi-1 and WT × RNAi-2. Bar = 1 cm. e 100-kernel weight of the wild-type KN5585, selfing RNAi-1, selfing RNAi-2, WT × RNAi-1 and WT × RNAi-2. A one-way ANOVA revealed that there was a statistically significant difference among the different genetic background between at least two groups (F(between groups df = 4, within groups df = 60) = 44.89, P = 2.15e-17). The further Tukey’s HSD Test for multiple comparisons found that the mean value of 100-kernel weight was significantly different between the mutants and the wild type (**P < 0.001). The details are: selfing RNAi-1 (means ± SD = 27.77 ± 1.50, P = 3.58289E-15, n = 8), selfing RNAi-2 (means ± SD = 28.12 ± 1.34, P = 3.90318E-17, n = 12), WT×RNAi-1 (means ± SD = 28.21 ± 2.65, P = 6.41384E-10, n = 8), WT×RNAi-2 (means ± SD = 27.00 ± 2.43, P = 3.02368E-14, n = 15), and WT (means ± SD = 33.62 ± 0.62, n = 22). Data are presented as means ± SD. n indicates the number of biologically independent samples. There was no statistically significant difference within mutant groups (P = 0.45–0.99). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.