Figure 4.

D-aa altered gut microbe composition in DSS administration. (A–E) We co-housed C57BL/6J mice from the same parents until 7 weeks old before the experiment started. We then divided the mice into cages with 2 mice in each and randomly administered 1% ala, trp, glu, ser, asn, pro. Seven-week-old C57BL/6J mice received drinking water with 1% ala, trp, glu, ser, asn, pro, or control water for 3 weeks prior to 7 days of 2% DSS challenge. Schema of the experiment and body weight on day 7 (A), PCoA plots of unweighted UniFrac distance of fecal microbiome (B), and observed OTUs after 2% DSS administration are shown (C). (D) The correlation matrix was based on the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of the abundant bacterial family with BW. The strength of the correlation between each pair of variables is indicated by the diameter and color of the circles. A color code of dark blue indicates a positive correlation coefficient close to +1, and a color code of dark red indicates a negative correlation coefficient close to −1. Featured proteobacteria are written in red. (E) LDA scores revealed significant bacterial differences in fecal microbiota between the D-aa groups (positive score) and control groups (negative score). All experiments were performed in at least 2 replicates (n = 2–4, combined). ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001. P values were obtained via analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test. Data are shown as standard error of the mean.