Administration of D-aa ameliorates DSS colitis in UC microbe. (A, B) UC model, GF mice were inoculated with fecal contents obtained from active UC patients (Patients #1 and #2). Then, mice received drinking water with 1% 3MIX D-aa (D-Ala, D-Trp, D-Glu) or control water. After 3 weeks of drinking water, mice were administered 2% DSS for 7 days. Study design (A) and percentage of BW on day 7 (B) are shown. DAI score is shown (C). All experiments were performed in at least 2 replicates (n = 3–6, combined). ∗∗∗P < .001. P values were obtained via the Student t-test. Data are shown as standard error of the mean.