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. 2023 Nov 9;62(5):2201606. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01606-2022

FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 6

Cigarette smoke (CS)- and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)10-related molecular pathways involved in the development or reversion of emphysema and pulmonary hypertension. a) Venn diagrams were used to show the number of dysregulated genes during disease development or therapeutic intervention by FGF10 overexpression in the alveolar wall or the pulmonary vasculature. The overlap regions show genes that are in common for the compared groups. Genes that are commonly regulated (between wild-type (Wt) CS versus Wt room air (RA) and Fgf10+/− RA versus Wt RA during disease development; between control (Ctrl) CS versus Ctrl RA and FGF10 overexpression (ovxp) CS versus Ctrl CS during the therapeutic intervention) were further investigated. b) Diagrams showing the common genes with the direction of gene expression changes. Between the two compared groups of genes, positive or negative correlation implies the similar or opposite direction of fold changes, respectively. c) Genes that are regulated in Wt CS versus Wt RA and Fgf10+/− RA versus Wt RA during the disease development are investigated using functional protein association networks (STRING-DB). The analysis shows only genes whose products are connected in the alveolar wall compartment or in pulmonary vessels. Genes that play a role in the Wnt signalling pathway and are regulated during the disease development in the alveolar wall compartment are marked in blue. A cluster related to tyrosine kinase signalling in the pulmonary vasculature is marked in orange. Nos3: (endothelial) nitric oxide synthase 3; Ctsk: cathepsin K; Bok: Bcl-2-related ovarian killer; Tox2: TOX high mobility group box family member 2; Wnt5a: Wnt family member 5A; Ror1: receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1; Actr3: actin-related protein 3; Braf: serine/threonine-protein kinase B rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; Prkca: protein kinase Cα; Kit: tyrosine kinase receptor KIT; Vefga: vascular endothelial growth factor A; Cyfip2: cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 2; Nhlrc2: NHL repeat containing 2; Pdgfa: platelet-derived growth factor subunit α; LFC: log fold change.