Table 3.
Cost of chronic diseases follow-up treatment and care by disease types among chronic disease patients at public hospitals in the three Wallaga zones, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia 2020 (n=605)
| Types of CDs | Era of COVID-19 pandemic | Observation (N) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Significance level of median cost difference (during–before COVID-19) |
| HTN | Before | 211 | 10.03 (11.86) | 7.58 (7.53) | Z=3.632, p=0.001 |
| During | 211 | 12.65 (10.42) | 10.14 (8.74) | ||
| DM | Before | 169 | 10.64 (8.42) | 8.12 (9.26) | Z=3.095, p=0.002 |
| During | 169 | 13.56 (10.49) | 11.39 (10.87) | ||
| HF | Before | 61 | 12.64 (12.85) | 9.06 (8.53) | Z=−0.055, p=0.956 |
| During | 61 | 12.51 (11.34) | 8.2 (12.52) | ||
| Mental disease | Before | 49 | 13.08 (8.97) | 11.63 (10.10) | Z=−1.497, p=0.134 |
| During | 49 | 10.91 (8.45) | 8.86 (10.24) | ||
| HIV | Before | 49 | 7.37 (6.65) | 6.12 (6.76) | Z=3.356, p=0.000 |
| During | 49 | 16.58 (18.32) | 12.24 (14.25) | ||
| Asthma | Before | 28 | 8.95 (6.40) | 7.33 (10.68) | Z=1.731, p=0.184 |
| During | 28 | 12.92 (12.34) | 10.34 (8.18) | ||
| Epilepsy | Before | 18 | 7.70 (7.01) | 5.70 (11.18) | Z=1.328, p=0.184 |
| During | 18 | 10.44 (5.74) | 10.00 (9.84) |
1US$ = 35.99 ETB, August, 2020.
CD, chronic disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; ETB, Ethiopian Birr ; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension.