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. 2023 Oct 23;8(44):41865–41875. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06792

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effects of E. spinosus extract (ESE) on kidney function (urea and creatinine), rhabdomyolysis (RM)-related (LDH and CK) markers, kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in glycerol-induced acute kidney injury. Results are presented as mean ± SD (n = 7); ψ and Δ represent significant changes at p < 0.05 between the untreated control and AKI groups, respectively.