Table 1.
General characteristics of study population and distribution of Post COVID-19 Condition
| Characteristic | Total | Having post COVID-19 condition | p-value** |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 8,238* | N = 3,709 (45.0%) (% by row) |
||
| Variant | < 0.001 | ||
| Alpha | 1,135 (13.78%) | 573 (50.48%) | |
| Delta | 3,927 (47.67%) | 1,969 (50.14%) | |
| Omicron | 3,176 (38.55%) | 1,167 (36.74%) | |
| Gender | < 0.001 | ||
| Male | 2,816 (34.56%) | 1,035 (36.75%) | |
| Female | 5,331 (65.44%) | 2,633 (49.39%) | |
| Missing data | 91 | 41 | |
| Age | < 0.001 | ||
| 18–25 | 680 (8.91%) | 314 (46.18%) | |
| 26–45 | 3,381 (44.29%) | 1,593 (47.12%) | |
| 46–65 | 3,118 (40.84%) | 1,388 (44.52%) | |
| 66+ | 455 (5.96%) | 139 (30.55%) | |
| Missing data | 604 | 275 | |
| Education | < 0.001 | ||
| Secondary school or below | 2,173 (26.74%) | 1,083 (49.84%) | |
| Higher education | 5,953 (73.26%) | 2,563 (43.05%) | |
| Missing data | 112 | 63 | |
| Having chronic disease (Yes) | < 0.001 | ||
| No | 7,620 (92.62%) | 3,337 (43.79%) | |
| Yes | 607 (7.38%) | 370 (60.96%) | |
| Missing data | 11 | 2 | |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | < 0.001 | ||
| Normal (BMI 18.5–24.9) | 3,596 (43.65%) | 1,542 (42.88%) | |
| Overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9) | 2,988 (36.27%) | 1,334 (44.65%) | |
| Obesity (BMI 30.0+) | 1,654 (20.08%) | 833 (50.36%) | |
| Hospitalization (Yes) | < 0.001 | ||
| No | 8,061 (98.96%) | 3,613 (44.82%) | |
| Yes | 85 (1.04%) | 60 (70.59%) | |
| Missing data | 92 | 36 | |
| COVID-19 vaccination status | < 0.001 | ||
| None | 483 (5.95%) | 199 (41.20%) | |
| Partial | 99 (1.22%) | 55 (55.56%) | |
| Complete primary schedule | 2,396 (29.54%) | 1,210 (50.50%) | |
| Complete primary schedule and booster | 5,133 (63.28%) | 2,180 (42.47%) | |
| Missing data | 127 | 65 | |
| Number of Covid-19 symptoms at baseline | < 0.001 | ||
| None | 370 (4.49%) | 91 (24.59%) | |
| 1–4 | 2,512 (30.49%) | 826 (32.88%) | |
| 5–8 | 3,236 (39.28%) | 1,429 (44.16%) | |
| > 8 | 2,120 (25.73%) | 1,363 (64.29%) | |
| Post COVID-19 condition | |||
| Neurocognitive symptoms, yes | 1,975 (23.97%) | / | |
| Autonomic symptoms, yes | 556 (6.75%) | / | |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms, yes | 629 (7.64%) | / | |
| Respiratory symptoms, yes | 2,217 (26.91%) | / | |
| Musculoskeletal symptoms, yes | 1,089 (13.22%) | / | |
| Anosmia and/or dysgeusia, yes | 666 (8.08%) | / | |
| Other manifestations, yes | 1,376 (16.70%) | / |
*Percentage by column **Pearson’s Chi-squared test