Table 2.
Imaging features of seven* pathologically proven cases of retroperitoneal AH.
| Features | O’Neill AC et al. | John I et al. | Burton KR et al. | Zheng LP et al. | Xue X et al. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Para-aortic(nodule) | Lateral to the right psoas muscle | Para-aortic | Right retrocaval | Left perirenal fat | Left renal vein | Retroperitoneum |
| Ultrasound appearance | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Hypoechoic mass, abundant blood flow signals |
| Contour | Well-defined | Not well-defined | Not well-defined | Not well-defined | Well-defined | Not well-defined | Well-defined |
| Pre-contrast | Hyperdense | Hypodense | N/A | N/A | N/A | Hypodense | Hypodense |
| CT value | |||||||
| NC | 32HU | 15HU | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 17–36HU |
| PC | 157HU | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 111–173HU(AP) 232–265HU(VP) |
| Heterogeneity | Homogeneous | Heterogeneous | Heterogeneous | Heterogeneous | Heterogeneous | Heterogeneous | Heterogeneous |
| CT Enhancement | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Persistent enhancement | Progressive enhancement |
| MRI | |||||||
| T1WI | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Hypointensity | Hypointensity |
| T2WI | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Hyperintensity | Iso-hyper intensity |
| DWI | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Hyperintensity | Isointensity |
| MRI Enhancement | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Persistent enhancement | Obvious progressive enhancement |
*No imaging data were available for the remaining six cases. AH, anastomosing hemangioma; AP, arterial phase; DWI, diffusion weighted imaging; HU, Hounsfield units; N/A, information not available; NC, non-contrast; PC, post-contrast; T1WI, T1-weighted imaging; T2WI, T2-weighted imaging; VP, venous phase.