Table 3.
Grading scale, cut points and covariates in studies of RT-induced inflammatory pain.
| Article | Grading Scale | Cut points | Covariates/clinical characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schack et al./2022. [57] | STAT scores; 1: erythema, 2: patchy, 3: confluent and 4: ulceration | Binary cut points: “moderate/severe”: 0–2 vs 3–4 | Sex, age, total RT dose, chemotherapy, irradiated volume protocol, and a surrogate |
| Binary cut point ‘severe’’: 0–3 vs 4 | |||
| Li et al./2021. [58] | RTOG/EORTC | Two groups: (grade 0–2) group and (grade 3–4) group | – |
| Yang et al./2020. [59] | RTOG/EORTC | Two groups: severe OM (grade ≥ 3) and mild OM (grade ≤ 2) | Treatment scheme, radiation technology and the first five eigenvectors of principal component |
| Mlak et al./2020. [60] | RTOG/EORTC | – | Gender, age, Tobacco smoking, Alcohol consumption, histopathological diagnosis. |
| TNM stage, TNF-α plasma concentration | |||
| Raturi et al./2020. [61] | CTCAE v4.03 | Binary outcome as yes or no according to the grade. | Sex, age, tumor subsite and stage, Tobacco chewing or smoking and alcohol consumption |
| Yang et al./2019. [62] | RTOG/EORTC | Two groups: “non‐sensitive or mildly radiosensitive (grade 0–2) and “highly radiosensitive” (grade 3–4) | Gender, age, BMI, smoking, drinking, family history of cancer, EBV‐DNA, and TNM stage chemotherapy |
| Gupta et al./2019. [63] | CTCAE v4.0 | – | Karnofsky Performance Status, smoking and tobacco chewing |
| Brzozowska et al. [64], [65], [66]] | RTOG/EORTC | – | demographic-clinical factors |
| Guo et al./2017. [67] | RTOG/EORTC | Two groups: “non-sensitive or mildly radiosensitive” (grade 0–2), and “highly radiosensitive” (grade 3–4). | Gender, age, gender, smoking, drinking, BMI carcinoma stage, and chemotherapy |
| Ma et al./2017. [68] | RTOG/EORTC | Two groups: “radiosensitive toxic reaction” (grade ≥ 3), radiation insensitive mild toxicity (grade < 3) | Gender, age, drinking, smoking, BMI, family history, TNM stage and clinical stage |
| Le et al./2017. [69] | CTCAE v3.0 | Two groups: (CTC 0–2) group and (CTC 3 + ) group. | – |
| Yu et al./2016. [70] | RTOG/EORTC | Two groups: “non-sensitive or mildly radiosensitive” group (grade 0–2) and a “highly radiosensitive” group (grade 3–4) | Sex, age, BMI, TNM stage, smoking and drinking, family history, and chemotherapy |
| Venkatesh et al./2014. [71] | RTOG | Two groups: Grade ≤ 2 OM and Grade > 2 OM and | – |
| Ren et al./2014. [72] | CTCAE v3.0 | Two groups: (CTC 0–2 toxicity grades) group, and (CTC 3 + ) group. | Demographics and clinical features. |
| Li et al./2013. [73] | CTCAE v3.0 | The highest grade of toxicity was chosen as the reference value | Gender, age, smoking, drinking, BMI, tumor stage, RT technique, and radiation dose to observed tissue volumes |
| Pratesi et al./2011. [74] | CTCAE | Development of acute toxicity of Grade 2 was considered as increased sensitivity for acute RT effects | Biologically effective radiation dose (BED) |
| Guo et al./2017. [75] | CTCAE v3.0 | Two groups: “severe toxicity” (grade 3–4), and “mild toxicity” (grade 1–2) | Clinical covariates: gender, age, BMI, Smoking, drinking, clinical stage, CCRT regimen, irradiation dose, myelosuppression, anemia, and thrombocytopenia |
RTOG/EORTC: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group or European Organization for Research and Efficacy of Cancer, CTCAE: The Common toxicity criteria for adverse event, TNM: Tumor, nodal, metastasis staging, BMI: Body mass Index, EBV: Epstein–Barr virus. CCRT: Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy.