Figure 3. Mapping high-resolution eQTLs.

(A) Number of credible sets per eGene, demonstrating evidence of widespread allelic heterogeneity whereby multiple causal variants independently modulate expression of the same genes. (B) Fine-mapping resolution, defined as the number of variants per credible set. (C) A signature of stabilizing selection on gene expression, whereby eGenes under strong evolutionary constraint (defined as the top pLI³⁸ decile reflecting intolerance to loss of function mutations; pink) possess fewer credible sets, on average, than other genes (blue). (D) A signature of stabilizing selection on gene expression, whereby eQTLs of genes under strong evolutionary constraint (top pLI decile; pink) have smaller average effect sizes (aFC) than other genes (blue).