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(a) Energy-spilling rate of nongrowing S. bovis cultures (filled symbols) or S. bovis cultures growing in glucose-limited continuous cultures (open symbols) and its effect on intracellular FDP or intracellular phosphate ([Pi]); (b) effect of the energy-spilling rate on Δp in nongrowing or growing cultures. For nongrowing cells, energy spilling was calculated from the ATP production rate, but for growing cells, the method demonstrated in Fig. 6 was used.
