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. 2023 Nov 8;31(11):1804–1819.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.09.013

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© 2023 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Association analysis of the ScC species with sex, age, BMI, diseases and cardiometabolic health

(A–D) Condensed forest plots for the association of S. copri (clade A), S. brunsvicensis (clade B), S. sinensis (clade C), S. sinica (clade G), Ca. S. caccae (clade H), S. sanihominis (clade F), and Ca. S. intestinihominis (clade I) or any of the species with sex, aging, BMI, and health-related conditions, using four sets of 14 studies (2,420 healthy females and 1,675 healthy males), 11 studies (3,190 healthy individuals), 24 studies (4,783 healthy individuals), and 22 studies (12 diseases, 1,635 cases, and 1,854 controls). Blue and red dots represent, respectively, non-significant and significant associations of the variable of interest in each dataset, obtained through a logistic regression model having the presence/absence of ScC species as response variable and sex, age, BMI, and depth as predictors and sex, age, BMI, depth, and health status in the disease one. Dark-blue and red diamonds represent, respectively, non-significant and significant random-effects meta-analysis coefficients used to summarize the single-dataset coefficients.

(E) Condensed forest plot showing Spearman’s partial correlation of sex, age, BMI, and health status with the number of ScC species. Each correlation is adjusted by each of the variables plus depth. Dark-blue and red diamonds represent the coefficient of a random-effect meta-analysis of the Fisher Z-transformed correlations (for aging and BMI) or standardized mean differences (for sex and the diseases).

(F) Plot showing the associations of S. copri (clade A), S. brunsvicensis (clade B), S. sinensis (clade C), or any of the species, with 19 cardiometabolic health parameters in 1,098 participants from the ZOE PREDICT 1 cohort. Each marker represents the coefficient of a logistic regression predicting ScC species presence/absence using sex, age, BMI, depth, and the corresponding cardiometabolic parameter, with its 95% confidence intervals. Wald-ps are colored according to an FDR correction using 0.2 as significance threshold. See also Table S3.