. 2023 Jul 10;46(11):zsad184. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsad184

Table 5.

Within-group effects of dCBT-I at 2-, 6- and 12-months post-randomization

	Time (month)		n	M	SD	Diff_adj	95% CI		P	ES
ISI	0		118	17.63	3.90
		2	106	8.56	5.09	–9.05	–8.06	–10.03	<.001	–1.68
		6	94	9.35	5.53	–8.14	–7.08	–9.21	<.001	–1.39
		12	83	9.06	5.53	–8.07	–6.91	–9.24	<.001	–1.26
FSS	0		118	4.57	1.28
		2	106	3.44	1.33	–1.01	–0.85	–1.35	<.001	–0.80
		6	94	3.25	1.37	–1.30	–1.04	–1.56	<.001	–0.91
		12	83	3.42	1.48	–1.11	–0.81	–1.40	<.001	–0.69
ESS	0		118	8.18	4.28
		2	106	7.32	4.30	–0.87	–0.27	–1.46	.005	–0.26
		6	94	6.93	3.96	–1.32	–0.74	–1.89	<.001	–0.42
		12	83	3.27	4.14	–5.04	–4.48	–5.59	<.001	–1.65
DBAS-16	0		118	5.40	1.35
		2	106	3.90	1.52	–1.49	–1.22	–1.75	<.001	–1.02
		6	94	3.82	1.60	–1.54	–1.28	–1.79	<.001	–1.10
		12	83	3.76	1.63	–1.51	–1.22	–1.79	<.001	–0.96
WHO-5	0		118	10.31	4.11
		2	106	13.67	4.78	3.26	4.02	2.50	<.001	0.79
		6	94	13.21	5.40	2.59	3.50	1.68	<.001	0.52
		12	83	13.96	5.26	3.27	4.18	2.35	<.001	0.65
WHOQOL-BREF
Physical health	0		118	14.09	2.29
		2	106	15.80	2.53	1.60	1.97	1.24	<.001	0.80
		6	95	15.70	2.55	1.31	1.67	0.95	<.001	0.66
		12	83	15.65	2.63	1.26	1.71	0.81	<.001	0.51
Psychological health	0		118	13.92	2.56
		2	106	14.68	2.53	0.57	0.87	0.27	<.001	0.35
		6	95	14.58	2.50	0.44	0.75	0.14	.005	0.27
		12	83	14.63	2.86	0.43	0.86	0.01	.047	0.18
Social relationships	0		118	14.29	3.10
		2	106	14.60	3.28	0.07	0.52	–0.37	.743	0.03
		6	95	14.09	3.19	–0.35	0.15	–0.84	.170	–0.13
		12	83	14.52	3.10	–0.01	0.58	–0.60	.977	0.00
Environment	0		118	16.48	2.10
		2	106	16.82	2.06	0.25	0.52	–0.03	.078	0.16
		6	95	16.77	2.30	0.09	0.41	–0.23	.582	0.05
		12	83	16.74	2.14	0.01	0.32	–0.30	.948	0.01
ADS-K	0		118	15.40	6.86
		2	106	10.23	6.86	–5.00	–3.76	–6.23	<.001	–0.74
		6	94	11.11	7.36	–4.05	–2.79	–5.30	<.001	–0.59
		12	83	10.43	7.80	–4.35	–2.86	–5.81	<.001	–0.54
STAI-T	0		118	45.28	10.21
		2	106	39.78	10.38	–5.24	–3.75	–6.73	<.001	–0.64
		6	94	39.91	10.15	–4.97	–3.44	–6.49	<.001	–0.60
		12	83	39.07	11.46	–5.09	–3.44	–6.75	<.001	–0.56
Dream recall frequency	0		118	3.47	1.72
		2	106	3.21	1.86	–0.21	0.09	–0.51	.172	–0.13
		6	95	3.25	1.83	–0.09	0.17	–0.34	.515	–0.06
		12	83	3.04	1.76	–0.31	0.01	–0.62	.058	–0.18
Nightmare frequency	0		118	2.02	5.28
		2	106	1.43	4.86	–0.56	0.14	–1.26	.115	–0.15
		6	95	1.33	4.05	–0.68	0.27	–1.62	.159	–0.13
		12	83	1.93	6.63	–0.24	1.01	–1.49	.702	–0.04

ISI, Insomnia Severity Index; FSS, Fatigue Severity Scale, ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; DBAS-16, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes About Sleep Scale; WHO-5, World Health Organisation-Five Well-Being Index; WHOQOL-BREF, WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire; Diff_adj, adjusted mean difference derived from linear mixed models; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval of the adjusted mean difference; ES, within-group effect size (Cohen’s d). M and SD refer to unadjusted means and standard deviations, respectively.