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. 2023 Sep 5;13(11):e3238. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3238

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Description of the design used in this bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study. (a) MR analyses dependent on three core assumptions. (b) Sketch of the study design. The red represents the forward MR analyses, with disturbance of skin sensation (DSS) as the exposure factor and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as the outcome. The blue represents the reverse MR analyses, with ASD as the exposure factor and DSS as the outcome. SNPs, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms. Source: (b) Referenced from Huang et al. (2022).