a, Summarized data for western blot of p-Drp-1 in peritoneal macrophages stimulated with WGP for different time points in the presence or absence of Sphk2i or DMSO vehicle control (n = 3). Data representative of three independent experiments pooled together. b, Representative images for Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) of untrained and WGP-trained peritoneal macrophages (left) and summarized data for mitochondrial lengths (right) (n = 100). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. P values were derived from one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test for a, chi-square test for b.