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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 10.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Res Ther. 2020 Jan 17;126:103555. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103555

Table 2.

Participant Characteristics for Each Sample

Research Samples Community Samples Comparison: Research vs. Community
Measure Frost N = 217 Tolin N = 46 Woody N = 74 Boston N = 132 Hamilton N = 108 Vancouver 1 N = 138 Vancouver 2 N = 109 Research N = 337 Community N = 487

Age 52.6 (10.3) 50.5 (8.9) 51.2 (12.3) 56.9 (12.8) 71.0 (8.5) 63.9 (13.1) 67.7 (12.2) 52.0 (10.6) 64.4 (13.0) χ2 = 13.2, p < .001
b = 13.34, [6.33, 20.36]
Male Gender 50 (23%) 12 (26%) 16 (22%) 53 (40%) 44 (42%) 71 (54%) 47 (44%) 78 (23%) 215 (45%) χ2 = 36.6, p < .001
OR = 2.71, [1.87, 3.91]
Not Partnered 126 (61%) 31 (67%) - 120 (94%) 93 (89%) - - 157 (62%) 213 (92%) χ2 = 50.0, p < .001
OR = 6.85, [3.70, 11.90]
Not Employed 102 (50%) 20 (43%) 18 (24%) 117 (89%) - - - 140 (43%) 117 (89%) χ2 = 22.6, p < .001
OR = 12.16, [3.44, 46.33]
Income < $20K 58 (33%) 10 (22%) 28 (39%) 92 (76%) 52 (83%) - - 96 (33%) 144 (78%) χ2 = 85.3, p < .001
OR = 7.46, [4.83, 13.21]
No College 23 (11%) 1 (2%) 12 (16%) 25 (27%) - - - 36 (11%) 25 (27%) χ2 = 13.7, p < .001
OR = 2.96, [1.28, 9.66]
Non-White 24 (12%) 4 (9%) 25 (34%) 53 (40%) - - - 53 (17%) 53 (40%) χ2 = 3.4, p = .06
OR = 3.30, [0.61, 19.75]
Poor Insight - - 12 (16%) 54 (41%) 70 (65%) 73 (53%) 28 (55%) 12 (16%) 225 (52%) χ2 = 15.5, p < .001
OR = 5.94, [2.24, 16.58]

Note: Age is shown with M (SD); all other measures are shown with Frequency (%). Percentages were based on all available data for each measure. Bracketed numbers are 95% CI for the research vs. community comparison.