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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuroophthalmol. 2020 Jun;40(2):148–156. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000821

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

The visual acuity charts used include: (A) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts are high-contrast visual acuity charts and scored by the number of letters correctly identified (max 70 letters). B. Low-contrast letter acuity (LCLA) charts using 2.5% contrast; scoring is the same as for EDTRS charts. ETDRS and LCLA charts are typically administered at 2, 3, or 4 m using distinct charts calibrated for each distance. The 1.25% contrast charts (not pictured) are formatted similarly.