Figure 6.

Potential mechanism of action of esculetin against ulcerative colitis via the prolactin signaling pathway. Akt = protein kinase B, AP-1 = activator protein 1, FOXP3 = forkhead box protein P3, IL-1β = interleukin-1β, iNOS = inducible nitric oxide synthase, JAK2 = Janus kinase 2, MAPK = mitogen-activated protein kinase, NF-κB = nuclear factor-kappa B, PI3K = phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, PRL = prolactin, PRLR = prolactin receptor, Raf = root abundant factor, RAS = rat sarcoma virus, STAT = signal transducer and activator of transcription, TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha.