Table 2.
Risk of bias assessment of nonrandomized using the RoBANS.
| Selection of participants | Confounding variables | Measurement of exposure | Blinding of outcome assessments | Incomplete outcome data | Selective outcome reporting | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim 2022 | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Cengiz 2021 | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Tasli 2018 | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Schmal 2006 | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Risk of bias assessment was performed using the RoBANS for nonrandomized studies. Each domain was classified as either unclear risk, low risk, or high risk.
RoBANS: Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies.