Accumulation rate in vessel and ECM in response to different sequences of perfusion in the tissue microenvironments. First microenvironment accumulation rates in the (a) ECM and (b) vessel for THLE-3, MDA-MB-231, and C3Asub28 and their corresponding control microenvironments. Second microenvironment accumulation rate in the (c) ECM and (d) vessel for MDA-MB-231, C3Asub28, and THLE-3 microenvironment interactions when particles are introduced to either the healthy or tumorigenic platforms first. Microenvironment perfusion sequence order was applied as described in the figure. Control− (Tumorigenic) refers to TIME monoculture with the collagen concentration of 7 mg/ml, 711μm vessel diameter, and exposed to 1 dyn/cm2 wall shear stress. Control− (Healthy) refers to TIME monoculture with the collagen concentration of 4 mg/ml, 435μm vessel diameter, and exposed to 4 dyn/cm2 wall shear stress. Data shown are mean ± SD. n = 4;∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01; ∗∗∗P < 0.005, ∗∗∗∗P < 0.001. ns: not significant. ECM: extracellular matrix; TIME: telomerase-immortalized microvascular endothelial [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]