Table 3.
Roles of claudins in gastric cancer.
| Claudins | Activity | Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| CLDN1 | Tumor promoter | Associated with lymph node metastasis, higher TNM stage, worse overall survival (OS), and postoperative survival | [14,53] |
| Tumor suppressor | Reduced the tumorigenic effect of GC cells | [54] | |
| CLDN2 | Tumor promoter | Promoted the invasion and growth of GC cells | [55] |
| CLDN4 | Tumor suppressor | Inhibited the invasiveness of gastric cancer cells | [56] |
| CLDN6 | Tumor promoter | Promoted EMT through the LAST1/2-YAP1 pathway | [46] |
| Tumor suppressor | Promoted GC cell differentiation by inhibiting the JNK pathway | [57] | |
| CLDN7 | Tumor promoter | Promoted the invasiveness of GC | [55] |
| CLDN9 | Tumor promoter | Promoted the migration of GC | [55] |
| CLDN10 | Tumor promoter | Low expression of CLDN10 correlated with better OS | [58] |
| CLDN11 | Tumor suppressor | Low expression of CLDN11 was associated with increased cancer cell invasion, migration, and proliferation | [59] |
| CLDN18.2 | Tumor promoter | CLDN18-ARHGAP26 gene fusion reduced the adhesion of cancer cells and makes cancer cells more invasive | [60] |
| Tumor suppressor | Deletion of Cldn18.2 could cause gastric inflammation and create conditions for GC | [61] | |
| CLDN23 | Tumor promoter | Patients expressing CLDN23 had a worse prognosis and were associated with vessel cancer embolus | [62] |