Table 1.

Critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) summary table

Authors and year of publication	Charvat et al. (2021) [36]			Chongo and Ngoma (2014) [37]			Clark (2001) [38]			Darvill et al. (2010) [39]			Eapen et al. (2019) [40]
CASP Question	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No
Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research?	•			•			•			•			•
Is the qualitative methodology appropriate?	•			•			•			•			•
Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research?	•					•	•			•			•
Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research?	•			•			•			•			•
Was the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue?	•				•		•			•			•
Has the relationship between the researcher and participants been adequately considered?	•					•		•				•	•
Have ethical issues been taken into consideration?	•			•			•			•			•
Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous?	•					•	•			•			•
Is there a clear statement of findings?	•				•		•			•			•
How valuable is the research?	•					•	•				•		•
Scoring	10			5			9.5			8.5			10

Authors and year of publication	Eddy and Fife (2021) [41]			Edmonds et al., (2011) [10]			Giblin et al. (1990) [42]			John-Akinola et al. (2022) [43]			Naz et al. (2021) [44]
CASP Question	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No
Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research?	•			•			•			•			•
Is the qualitative methodology appropriate?	•			•			•			•			•
Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research?	•			•					•			•	•
Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research?		•		•				•			•				•
Was the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue?	•			•				•		•				•
Has the relationship between the researcher and participants been adequately considered?	•				•				•			•	•
Have ethical issues been taken into consideration?	•			•			•			•			•
Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous?		•		•			•					•	•
Is there a clear statement of findings?	•			•					•	•			•
How valuable is the research?	•			•			•			•			•
Scoring	9			9.5			6			6.5			8.5

Authors and year of publication	Puspitasari and Sulistyorini (2021) [45]			Raman et al. (2014) [46]			Reszel et al. (2014) [47]			Shakeri et al. (2021) [48]
CASP Question	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	Can't tell	No
Was there a clear statement of the aims of the research?		•		•			•			•
Is the qualitative methodology appropriate?		•		•			•			•
Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research?		•		•			•				•
Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research?		•		•			•			•
Was the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue?	•			•			•			•
Has the relationship between the researcher and participants been adequately considered?		•		•				•			•
Have ethical issues been taken into consideration?	•			•			•			•
Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous?			•	•			•			•
Is there a clear statement of findings?	•			•			•			•
How valuable is the research?		•			•		•			•
Scoring	6			9.5			9.5			9