Table 2.

Summary of documented cases of infective endocarditis caused by Gemella haemolysans.

Author (year)	Age/sex	Associated condition/predisposing cause	Infected valve	Treatment	Outcome/valve replacement
Chatelain et al. 14	62/M	Dental manipulation	Mitral	Cefamandole, gentamicin, benzylpenicillin, and amoxicillin	Cured/no
	48/M	Poor dentition and respiratory viral syndrome	Aortic	Benzylpenicillin and gentamicin	Cured/yes
	56/M	Mitral insufficiency and dental manipulation	Mitral	Benzylpenicillin and gentamicin	Cured/no
Kaufhold et al. 15	62/F	None	Mitral	Benzylpenicillin, tobramycin, and clindamycin	Cured/no
Brack et al. 16	74/M	Mitral prolapse	Mitral	Benzylpenicillin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin	Cured/no
Morea et al. 17	47/M	Bioprosthetic aortic valve and periodontal disease	Aortic	Erythromycin and rifampicin	Cured/yes
Devuyst et al. 18	53/M	Mitral regurgitation	Mitral	Benzylpenicillin and gentamicin	Cured/yes
Frésard et al. 19	42/M	Aortic insufficiency and scalp wound	Aortic	Vancomycin, fusidic acid, amoxicillin, and gentamicin	Cured/no
Helft et al. 20	71/M	Colonic carcinoma	Mitral	Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and gentamicin	Cured/no
Matsis et al. 21	20/M	None	Aortic	Benzylpenicillin, gentamicin	Cured/yes
Samuel et al. 22	34/M	Multiple valve replacements with prosthetic valve, asymptomatic dental sepsis	Aortic	Cefuroxime, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin	Cured/no
Breathnach et al. 23	6/M	None	Pulmonary	Amoxicillin and gentamicin	Cured/no
La Scola et al. 24	63/M	Chronic obstructive bronchitis and poor dental state	Mitral	Amoxicillin and amikacin	Kidney abscess, cured/no
Zingaro et al. 25	49/M	Glomerulonephritis	Aortic	Piperacillin and ciprofloxacin	Cured/yes
Mosquera et al. 26	77/M	Hemochromatosis with chronic liver disease	Aortic	Penicillin and tobramycin	Cured/no
Khan et al. 8	80/M	Mitral prolapse with regurgitation and denture fixation	Mitral	Penicillin and gentamicin	Cured/no
Avgoustidis et al. 27	NA	Systemic lupus erythematosus	NA	NA	NA
Liu et al. 12	87/F	Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus type 2, COPD, and multiple myeloma	Aortic	Ampicillin and gentamicin	Cured/no
Ando et al. 28	24/M	Dental abscess	Aortic and mitral	Clindamycin, penicillin G, vancomycin	Cured/yes
Quaesaet et al. 29	39/M	Bioprosthetic aortic valve	Aortic	Amoxicillin, and rifampicin	Cured, splenic infarction due to septic emboli/no
Youssef et al. 9	81/M	Coronary artery disease, hypertension, COPD, and atrial fibrillation	Mitral	Vancomycin, ceftriaxone, and gentamicin	Rupture in the mitral leaflet, died
Agrawal et al. 30	38/M	None	Aortic	Ampicillin and gentamicin	Cured/no
Eslinger et al. 31	63/M	Acute myeloid leukemia and poor dental hygiene	Aortic	Vancomycin, cefepime, benzylpenicillin, and gentamicin	Cured/no
Rabah et al. 32	56/M	Dental procedure	Mitral	Vancomycin and ceftriaxone	Cured/yes

COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NA: not available.