Table 2.

Mean differences between exercise and usual care groups on Framingham risk score variables

Variable	Baseline	Post-intervention	Between group differences
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (95% CI)	P value†
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Exercise	140.1 (11.2)	119.9 (9.0)*	−16.9 (−20.2, −11.5)	<0.001
Usual care	138.9 (11.6)	138.0 (10.4)
FRS pre-set point§
Exercise	2.0 (1.0)	−3.0 (2.0)*	−3.0 (−5.0, −1.0)	0.001
Usual care	0.0 (2.0)	0.0 (2.0)
HDL-C (mg/dL)
Exercise	38.7 (7.1)	63.7 (7.7)*	27.2 (38.8, 15.3)	<0.001
Usual care	37.9 (6.8)	35.7 (7.1)
FRS pre-set point§
Exercise	2.0 (1.0)	−2.0 (1.5)*	4.0 (0.6, 6.3)	<0.001
Usual care	2.0 (1.0)	2.0 (2.0)
LDL-C (mg/dL)
Exercise	197.9 (21.7)	121.3 (22.1)*	−69.6 (−96.2, −17.6)	<0.001
Usual care	185.4 (19.3)	190.3 (19.7)
FRS pre-set point§
Exercise	2.0 (1.0)	0.0 (1.0)*	−2.0 (−4.5, −0.5)	0.001
Usual care	2.0 (1.0)	2.0 (2.0)
Diagnosis of diabetes, n (%)
Exercise	20 (69)	10 (34)*	−9.0 (−16.1, −5.4)	<0.001
Usual care	19 (70)	19 (70)
FRS pre-set point§
Exercise	2.0 (1.5)	1.0 (0.5)*	−1.0 (−2.5, −0.5)	0.003
Usual care	2.0 (1.0)	3.0 (1.0)
Total FRS
Exercise	12.0 (1.5)	2.0 (1.5)*	−12.5 (−16.0, −4.0)	<0.001
Usual care	12.0 (2.0)	13.0 (3.0)
10-year risk (%)
Exercise	13.0 (3.0)	1.0 (0.5)	−15.0 (−18.0, −3.0)	<0.001
Usual care	13.0 (3.0)	13.0 (3.0)

*P value for repeated-measures ANOVA comparing changes in the exercise group from baseline to post-intervention, and in the usual care group from baseline to post-intervention

^†P value for mixed model analysis comparing changes between the exercise and usual care group from baseline to post-intervention

^§Assigned pre-set point for the respective variable based on calculating FRS to assess 10-yr CVD risk