Table 1. Ingredient and chemical composition of different total mixed rations fed on Hanwoo heifer during the growing period.
| Items | TMR diets1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CON | L-IRGS | H-IRGS | |
| Ingredients (% DM) | |||
| Oat hay | 21.09 | 6.91 | - |
| Timothy hay | 9.26 | 7.28 | - |
| Alfalfa hay | 13.95 | 7.31 | - |
| Corn silage | - | 4.77 | 9.11 |
| Italian ryegrass silage | - | 19.07 | 36.43 |
| Corn gluten feed | 12.83 | 12.57 | 12.54 |
| Lupin seed | 10.94 | 10.74 | 10.70 |
| Wheat bran | 12.45 | 12.22 | 12.17 |
| Corn | 17.33 | 17.01 | 16.95 |
| Vitamin-mineral supplement2) | 0.68 | 0.67 | 0.67 |
| Limestone | 1.23 | 1.21 | 1.20 |
| Salt | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.23 |
| Chemical composition (%) | |||
| Crude protein (CP) | 16.23 | 16.36 | 16.01 |
| Ether extract (EE) | 3.74 | 3.61 | 3.39 |
| Ash | 4.83 | 5.55 | 5.11 |
| Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 41.82 | 42.27 | 42.33 |
| Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 23.21 | 23.05 | 23.31 |
| Calcium | 0.78 | 1.02 | 1.25 |
| Phosphorus | 0.53 | 0.67 | 0.79 |
| Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC)3) | 35.22 | 31.26 | 31.67 |
| Total digestible nutrients (TDN) | 72.24 | 72.84 | 72.74 |
1)
TMR diet: CON, total mixed ration containing oat hay, timothy, and alfalfa hay; L-IRGS, total mixed ration containing 19% of Italian ryegrass silage; H-IRGS, total mixed ration containing 36% of Italian ryegrass silage.
2)
Vitamin-mineral supplement contained vit. A 2,650,000 IU, vit. D3 530,000 IU, vit. E 1,050 IU, niacin 10,000 mg, Mn 4,400 mg, Zn 4,400 mg, Fe 13,200 mg, Cu 2,200 mg, iodine 440 mg, and Co, 440 mg/kg of Grobic-DC provided from Bayer Health Care (Leverkusen, Germany).
3)
NSC was calculated according to the formula: NSC = 100 – (NDF + CP + EE + Ash) [71].
DM, dry matter.