Table 1.
Crop genome editing for viral resistance.
| Crop | Target | Genetic Changes | Method | Status | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C. sativus. | Cucumber vein yellowing virus CVYV) Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and Papaya ring spot mosaic virus-W (PRSMV) | Base editing (A-G) of susceptibility factor (eIF 4E) | Agrobacterium mediated gRNA/cas9 transfer into arabidobsis and selection of non-transgenic mutants in T3 | Broad virus resistance in non-transgenic cucumber | Chandrasekaran et al. (2016) |
| H. vulgare | Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) | Knockout the MP, RP, CP and IR of WDV | Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in barley | Efficient viral resistance in barley | Kis et al. (2019) |
| M. esculenta | Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV) | Mutations in cassava susceptibility factor (eIF4E) of cassava | Agrobacterium mediated stable gRNA/cas9 transfer and selection of mutants in cassava | Suppressed disease symptoms and reduced virus titre in mutant cassava roots compared to WT | Gomez et al. (2019) |
| M. esculenta | African Cassava Mosaic Virus (ACMV) | Knockout in Rep and MP genes of ACMV | Agrobacterium mediated stable expression of Cas9 protein together with gRNA | Fails to confer effective resistance to ACMV in cassava and viral mutant escape | Mehta et al. (2019) |
| Musa spp. | Banana Streak Virus (BSV) | Targeting the ORF and IR in BSV | Generation of transgenic banana with agrobacterium mediated gRNA/Cas9 transfer | Full resistance in transgenic banana to endogenous BSV | Tripathi et al. (2019) |
| N. benthamiana | Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) | Knockout the viral IR, MP and REP coding region | Stable overexpression of CAs9 in tobacco and transient expression of gRNA in tobacco | Delayed and reduced accumulation of viral DNA, significantly attenuating symptoms of TYLCV infection in tobacco. | Ali et al. (2015b) |
| N. benthamiana | Bean yellow dwarf virus (BeYDV) | Knockout the viral LIR | Transient expression assay with Agrobacterium | Reduced virus load and disease symptoms in BeTDV treated tobacco | Baltes et al. (2015) |
| N. benthamiana | Beet severe curly top virus (BSCTV) | Knockout the coding and non-coding parts of BSCTV genome | Stable and transient expression of gRNA/Cas9 in Arabidobsis and tobacco | Strong reduction in viral load and disease symptoms in tobacco and Arabidopsis | Ji et al. (2015) |
|
N. benthamiana and
S. lycopersicum |
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) | Knockout the CP and Rep of TYLCV | Agrobacterium-mediated stable gRNA/Cas9 transfer into tomato and tobacco | Low accumulation of TYLCV in tomato and tobacco transgenic plants | Tashkandi et al. (2018) |
| N. benthamiana | Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) or tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) | Targeting the RNA viruses | Plants expressing FnCas9 and sgRNA specific for the RNA viruses | Significantly attenuated virus infection symptoms and inheritable reduced viral accumulation in plants | Zhang et al. (2018) |
| N. benthamiana | Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) | Multiple targeting the genes of ChiLCV | Agrobacterium transient assay in tobacco | Resistant to ChiLCV with reduced viral accumulation | Roy et al. (2019) |
| N. benthamiana | Cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV) | Knockout the viral IR and REP coding region | Agrobacterium mediated transient expression of gRNA/Cas9 constructs | Complete resistance to CuLCuV infection in transgenic tobacco | Yin et al. (2019) |
| O. sativa | Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) and Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) | Knockout in initiation factor 4 gamma gene (eIF4G) | Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of gRNA/Cas9 into rice immature embryos | In-frame mutations in one conferred resistance to RTSV and RTBV in rice | Macovei et al. (2018) |
| S. tuberosum L. | Potato virus Y (PVY) | Targeting conserved regions in expressed genes of PVY strains. | Agro-infiltration of tobacco leaves and generation transgenic potato plants with LshCas13a/sgRNA | Suppressed PVY accumulation and disease symptoms in transgenic potato | Zhan et al. (2019) |
| B.vulgaris | Beet curly top Iran virus(BCTIV) | Multiple targeting of the expressed genes of BCTIV | Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of gRNA/Cas9 in sugar beet leaves | Full viral resistance in sugar beet | Yıldırım et al. (2023) |