Table 3.

Studies assessing current implementations of transitional care or structured transition programs for young persons with cerebral palsy included in this review

Reference	Country	H/L/MIC	Study design	Quality	Bias risk	Participants, N (type)	Key findings
Bolger et al. (2016) [26]	USA	High	Cross-sectional survey	Moderate	Moderate	11 (clinics)	Top 3 perceived barriers to successful TOC were limited adult providers willing to accept CP patients, concern about the level of care in the adult healthcare system, and lack of financial resources. 55% of clinics had structured transition programs, but only one transitioned 100% of their patients to adult providers by age 22. 40% of clinics had transitioned < 25% of their patients with CP to adult providers by age 22. Only one clinic had an absolute upper age limit for seeing patients, and 36% of clinics accepted new patients older than 21. No respondents were “completely satisfied” with their transition process and only one was “moderately satisfied.”
Colver et al. (2018) [30]	UK	High	Longitudinal cohort	High	Low	85 (patients)	The nine proposed beneficial features of transition services were poorly provided. Fewer than half of services stated they provided an age-banded clinic, written transition plan, transition manager for clinical team, a protocol for promotion of health self-efficacy, or holistic life-skills training. Young people reported that they had not experienced the features which services said they provided. Agreement for written transition plan, holistic life-skills training and key worker was 30, 43, and 49%, respectively. Agreement was better for appropriate parent involvement, age-banded clinic, promotion of health self-efficacy, and coordinated team at 77, 77, 80, and 69% respectively
Morton et al. (2021) [39]	USA	High	Retrospective analysis	High	Low	1 (clinic)	More than 2/3 of families received services in seven categories: support primary care, specialty care, school, legal, community inclusion, healthcare financing, and providing medical care. Workplace, direct service providers and healthcare financing case workers received the least attention
Wright et al. (2015) [45]	Scotland	High	Qualitative interview	High	Low	13 (clinics)	Key areas in need of improvement were coordination and communication within health services and between health services and educational, social services and adult health services to which young people were transitioning

N refers to the number of participants in each study, H/L/MIC high/low/middle income country, CP cerebral palsy, TOC transition of care