Fig. 4.

Fisetin treatment improved spatial learning in male mice, while D + Q treatment impaired object recognition memory recall in female mice. Assessment of cognition and memory recall was determined by MWM and NOR. MWM path efficiency (a-c) and corrected integrated path length (d-f; CIPL) in male and female C57BL/6 mice during 5 training sessions. Number of platform crosses during the delayed probe challenge (g). Retention index of the familiar object after a delayed novelty introduction (h). Hippocampal, liver, and gonadal WAT mRNA expression levels of Glut4 (i-k) and AdipoR1 (l-n) were measured at time of euthanization after 10 treatments. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 16–20). A two-way ANOVA was used to determine P-values for the categorial variables (S = Sex and T = Treatment) and their interaction (S x T), which are shown for each bar graph. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 based on a two-tailed Student's t test