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. 2023 May 22;45(5):2819–2834. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00799-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — The bacteriome signatures in the gut of older adults with MCI significantly differ from cognitively healthy controls with a moderate predictive potential of cognitive health. a,b) The relative abundance of major bacterial phyla (b) and species (b) in the gut of the older adults with MCI in comparison to controls. (c) Heatmap depicting the group-specific enrichment of the bacterial species in the gut of older adults with MCI and controls. (d) Random forest analysis showing the top 15 bacterial species with the highest discriminatory power between the control and MCI groups. (e) ROC analyses of selected bacterial species to predict the cognitive health in older adults. (f) Correlation matrix showing the association between the relative abundance of selected bacterial species with MoCA and Mini-Cog. Abbreviations—Acidaminococcus; Ac, Akkermansia; Ak, Alistipes; Al, Anaerostipes; An, Bacteroides; Ba, Bifidobacterium; Bi, Blautia; Bl, Clostridium; Cl, Collinsella; Co, Dorea; Do, Escherichia; Es, Eubacterium; Eu, Faecalibacterium; Fa, Firmicutes; Fi, Fusicatenibacter; Fb, Fusicatenibacter; Fu, Lachnospiraceae; Ls, Lawsonibacter; La, Parabacteroides; Pb, Prevotella; Pr, Roseburia; Rb, Ruminococcus; Ru, Streptococcus; St, Subdoligranulum; Su, Tyzzerella; Ty