Table 3. Long-term outcomes of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease—specific situations and key studies (2017–2022) (6,116,129-139).
| Study title | Year | Specific consideration and location of study | Disease subtypes | Population size, n | Follow-up duration | Remission rate at maximal follow-up | Intra-abdominal surgery rates | Perianal surgery/abscess rates | Structuring rate (B2 disease) | Fistulae rate (B3 disease) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk of colectomy in patients with pediatric-onset ulcerative colitis | 2017 | Pediatric ulcerative colitis; Schneider Children’s Medical Centre of Israel | Ulcerative colitis | 188 | Mean 6.9 years | – | 18% colectomy | – | – | – |
| Prediction of complicated disease course for children newly diagnosed with Crohn’s disease: a multicentre inception cohort study | 2017 | Paediatric Crohn’s disease; 28 sites in the USA and Canada | Crohn’s disease | 913 | 3 years | – | – | – | 54 (5.9%) | 24 (2.6%) |
| The characteristics and long-term outcomes of pediatric Crohn’s disease patients with perianal disease | 2017 | Pediatric Crohn’s disease—perianal disease; Schneider Children’s Medical Centre, Israel | Crohn’s disease | Crohn’s disease 296; 110 (37% perianal at diagnosis); 70 (24% with non-fistulating perianal disease) | Mean 8.5 years | – | 26% | 16% | – | – |
| Outcomes of a national cohort of children with acute severe ulcerative colitis | 2018 | Outcomes after acute severe colitis; Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin | Ulcerative colitis | 55 | Mean 29 months | 53% | 38% | – | – | – |
| The long-term predictive properties of the Paris classification in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients | 2018 | Disease flare, hospitalisations, step-up to biologic treatment and surgical procedures | Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis | 427 total (301 Crohn’s disease, 126 ulcerative colitis) | Crohn’s disease: 9.1 years, ulcerative colitis: 8.5 years | – | Crohn’s disease: 4%, colectomy for ulcerative colitis: 18% | 16% in Crohn’s disease | 42.4% (B2–3 disease underwent surgery) | – |
| Long-term outcomes of paediatric patients admitted for acute severe colitis - a multicentre study from the paediatric IBD porto group of ESPGHAN | 2019 | Outcomes after acute severe colitis; 25 pediatric gastroenterology centers across Europe and North America | Ulcerative colitis | 141 | 5 years | – | 36.40% | – | – | – |
| Clinical and biological predictors of response to standardised paediatric colitis therapy (PROTECT): a multicentre inception cohort study | 2019 | Pediatric ulcerative colitis; 29 centres in USA and Canada | Ulcerative colitis | 467 | 1 year | 38% | 5% | – | – | – |
| Progression to colectomy in the era of biologics: a single center experience with pediatric ulcerative colitis | 2020 | Paediatric ulcerative colitis; Texas Children’s Hospital | Ulcerative colitis | 217 | Mean ± SD: 5.02 (±2.27 years) | – | 12.9% colectomy | – | – | – |
| Clinical and host biological factors predict colectomy risk in children newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis | 2022 | Pediatric ulcerative colitis; 29 centres in USA and Canada | Ulcerative colitis | 359 at 2 years, 269 at 3 years | –, – | – | 13% at 3 years, 9% at 2 years | – | – | – |
| Disease activity patterns in the first 5 years after diagnosis in children with ulcerative colitis: a population-based study | 2021 | Pediatric ulcerative colitis; SIGENP IBD group, Italy | Ulcerative colitis | 226 | 5 years | 24% disease extension, 13% ≥1 episode acute severe colitis | 8% colectomy | – | – | – |
| Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of pediatric ulcerative colitis: a single-center experience in Korea | 2022 | Paediatric ulcerative colitis; South Korea | Ulcerative colitis | 208 | 6.5 years | – | 8.7% colectomy | – | – | – |
| New therapeutic strategies have changed the natural history of pediatric Crohn’s disease: a two-decade population-based study | 2022 | Paediatric Crohn’s disease; EPIMAD registry, Northern France | Crohn’s disease | 580 in developing biologic era (2001–2011) | Median 8.8 years | – | 21.70% | – | 19.8% progressed to stricturing disease | 7.6% progressed to penetrating disease |
| Long-term follow-up and predictors of complicated disease behavior in pediatric Crohn’s disease patients | 2022 | Paediatric Crohn’s disease; Kaplan Medical Centre, Israel | Crohn’s disease | 93 | Median 10.3 years | – | 21.50% | – | 29.4% of those with B1 disease at diagnosis evolved to B2 and or B3 | – |
SD, standard deviation.