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. 2023 Oct 4;44(43):4508–4532. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad653

Table 9.

Mortality Endpoints

All-Cause Mortality Cardiovascular Mortality and Noncardiovascular Mortality
Cardiovascular mortality Death classified and adjudicated as 1 of the mutually exclusive categories below:
Cardiac mortality—death related to:

  • Heart failure

  • Cardiogenic shock

  • Arrhythmia or conduction system disturbances

  • Myocardial infarction

  • Endocarditis

  • Sudden death including unwitnessed death

  • Death of unknown cause

Vascular mortality—death caused by noncardiac vascular causes classified and adjudicated as one category below

  • Cerebrovascular disease/stroke

  • Pulmonary embolism

  • Noncerebral thromboembolism

  • Vascular bleeding

  • Tamponade

  • Ruptured aortic aneurysm

  • Dissecting aneurysm

  • Vascular complications including infection

Valve-related mortalitya—death presumed to be related to

  • Device/valve dysfunction/failure

  • Device/valve-related periprocedural mortalityb

  • Unplanned intervention (eg, surgical or transcatheter procedure) performed to correct device/valve dysfunction/failure

Cardiohepatic: hepatic failure related to tricuspid valve dysfunction
Cardiorenal: renal failure related to tricuspid valve dysfunction
Noncardiovascular mortality Death clearly related to a noncardiovascular cause such as respiratory failure not related to heart failure (eg, pneumonia), noncardiac renal failure, noncardiac liver failure, infection (eg, urosepsis), cancer, trauma, and suicide

aRelatedness to device therapy should be adjudicated for each endpoint.

bTiming with respect to device therapy to be classified as per Table 8.