Table 3.
MRI characteristics of GFAP-IgG and MOG-IgG-associated myelitis [n (%)].
| Characteristics | GFAP-IgG, n = 14 | MOG-IgG, n = 24 | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intracranial lesion | 11 (78.6%) | 21 (87.5%) | 0.650 |
| Meningeal enhancement | 3/9 (33.3%) | 2/11 (18.2%) | 0.617 |
| Patchy enhancement | 0/9 (0.0%) | 6/11 (54.5%) | 0.014 |
| Cortical/subcortical | 6 (42.9%) | 16 (66.7%) | 0.187 |
| Medulla oblongata | 4 (28.6%) | 5 (20.8%) | 0.699 |
| Lateral ventricle | 4 (28.6%) | 4 (16.7%) | 0.433 |
| Thalamus | 4 (28.6%) | 8 (33.3%) | 1.000 |
| Pons | 4 (28.6%) | 11 (45.8%) | 0.329 |
| Basal ganglia | 2 (14.3%) | 8 (33.3%) | 0.268 |
| Corpus callosum | 1 (7.1%) | 2 (8.3%) | 1.000 |
| Semiovoid center | 1 (7.1%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1.000 |
| Cerebellum | 1 (7.1%) | 5 (20.8%) | 0.383 |
| Spinal cord MRI | |||
| LETM | 10/13 (76.9%) | 12/21 (57.1%) | 0.292 |
| Cervical cord | 11/13 (84.6%) | 21 (87.5%) | 1.000 |
| Thoracic cord | 13 (92.9%) | 20/23 (87.0%) | 1.000 |
| Conus | 2/11 (18.2%) | 1/21 (4.8%) | 0.266 |
| Central gray matter | 13 (92.9%) | 18 (75.0%) | 0.227 |
| “H sign”* | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1.000 |
| Multiple lesions | 8/12 (66.7%) | 10/21 (47.6%) | 0.469 |
| Leptomeningeal enhancement | 0/6 (0.0%) | 1/7 (14.3%) | 1.000 |
| Patchy enhancement | 4/6 (66.7%) | 2/7 (28.6%) | 0.286 |
*Spinal cord MRI T2-hyperintensity is confined to gray matter on axial sequences, forming the “H sign.” LETM, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; IgG, immunoglobulin G; MOG, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein.