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. 2023 Jul 22;78(11):1824–1833. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbad101

Table 5.

Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analyses Examining the Association Between Strength and Social Cognition, Controlling for Age, Sex, and Education

Social perception
(n = 48)
Affective ToM
(n = 48)
Cognitive ToM
(n = 49)
Control task
(n = 48)
Trail A
(n = 50)
Trail B
(n = 49)
B t (p) B t (p) B t (p) B t (p) B t (p) B t (p)
Step 1 Age −0.61 1.49 (.144) −0.15 1.18 (.243) −0.04 .08 (.941) 0.87 1.51 (.137) 0.04 .12 (.905) −0.03 .03 (.976)
Sex −8.32 2.46 (.018) −0.37 0.33 (.742) −0.75 0.17 (.864) −4.91 1.04 (.305) 7.25 2.56 (.014) 2.48 .28 (.780)
Education 0.52 0.98 (.331) 0.02 0.13 (.897) −0.71 1.00 (.324) 1.10 1.43 (.161) −0.91 2.00 (.052) −0.87 .62 (.538)
ΔR 2 F (p) 0.19, 3.35 (.027) 0.04, 0.55 (.651) 0.03, 0.46 (.713) 0.09, 1.40 (.257) 0.15, 2.63 (.061) 0.01, 0.13 (.942)
Step 2 Strength −0.14 0.45 (.656) 0.08 0.74 (.464) −0.37 0.95 (.348) 0.06 0.15 (.883) 0.02, 0.07 (.947) 1.46, 1.90 (.063)
ΔR 2 F (p) 0.00, 0.20 (.656) 0.01, 0.55 (.464) 0.02, 0.90 (.348) 0.00, 0.02 (.883) 0.00, 0.00 (.947) 0.08, 3.63 (.063)
R 2 F (p) 0.19, 2.52 (.055) 0.05, 0.55 (.704) 0.05, 0.57 (.687) 0.09, 1.03 (.403) 0.15, 1.93 (.121) 0.08, 1.01 (.413)