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. 2023 Nov 1;14:1218384. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1218384

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Higher prenatal paternal depression symptoms as measured by Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) predicts lower child total difficulties, externalizing symptoms, and conduct problems as measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).