Table 5.
EQ-5D utility scores of the self-completed sample.
| Variable | Utility score, mean (SD) | Coefficient (95% CI) | P value | |
| Overall | 0.691 (0.284) | N/Aa | N/A | |
| Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male | 0.664 (0.298) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
Female | 0.715 (0.270) | 0.051 (0.037 to 0.064) | <.001 |
| Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12-20 | 0.709 (0.294) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
21-30 | 0.719 (0.274) | 0.009 (−0.021 to 0.040) | .53 |
|
|
31-40 | 0.708 (0.266) | −0.002 (−0.032 to 0.028) | .91 |
|
|
41-50 | 0.649 (0.298) | −0.061 (−0.092 to −0.029) | <.001 |
|
|
51-60 | 0.631 (0.308) | −0.078 (−0.115 to −0.042) | <.001 |
|
|
≥61 | 0.584 (0.358) | −0.126 (−0.178 to −0.073) | <.001 |
| Employment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active | 0.793 (0.195) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
Nonactive | 0.612 (0.316) | −0.181 (−0.194 to −0.168) | <.001 |
| Family registry |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Urban | 0.700 (0.281) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
Rural | 0.680 (0.288) | −0.020 (−0.034 to −0.007) | .003 |
| Family income per year (CNYb) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤5000 | 0.530 (0.353) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
5001-10,000 | 0.577 (0.330) | 0.047 (0.010 to 0.084) | .01 |
|
|
10,001-30,000 | 0.627 (0.300) | 0.097 (0.068 to 0.127) | <.001 |
|
|
30,001-50,000 | 0.680 (0.275) | 0.150 (0.120 to 0.179) | <.001 |
|
|
50,001-100,000 | 0.738 (0.251) | 0.208 (0.179 to 0.237) | <.001 |
|
|
100,001-200,000 | 0.786 (0.220) | 0.256 (0.225 to 0.287) | <.001 |
|
|
200,001-300,000 | 0.790 (0.230) | 0.260 (0.218 to 0.302) | <.001 |
|
|
300,001-500,000 | 0.806 (0.223) | 0.276 (0.221 to 0.331) | <.001 |
|
|
≥500,001 | 0.793 (0.276) | 0.263 (0.192 to 0.333) | <.001 |
| Duration of RDsc (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤10 | 0.750 (0.238) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
11-20 | 0.693 (0.286) | −0.057 (−0.072 to −0.410) | <.001 |
|
|
21-30 | 0.640 (0.311) | −0.109 (−0.129 to −0.090) | <.001 |
|
|
31-40 | 0.602 (0.310) | −0.148 (−0.172 to −0.123) | <.001 |
|
|
≥41 | 0.498 (0.347) | −0.251 (−0.287 to −0.216) | <.001 |
| Number of children |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 | 0.686 (0.298) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
1 | 0.697 (0.276) | 0.011 (−0.004 to 0.026) | .14 |
|
|
2 | 0.694 (0.269) | 0.008 (−0.013 to 0.028) | .45 |
|
|
≥3 | 0.670 (0.265) | −0.016 (−0.063 to 0.032) | .52 |
| Using assistive devices in daily life (eg, wheelchair, ventilator, etc) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
No | 0.824 (0.159) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
Rarely | 0.634 (0.222) | −0.190 (−0.204 to −0.176) | <.001 |
|
|
Sometimes | 0.533 (0.269) | −0.291 (−0.307 to −0.275) | <.001 |
|
|
Often | 0.381 (0.327) | −0.443 (−0.464 to −0.423) | <.001 |
|
|
Always | 0.187 (0.348) | −0.638 (−0.660 to −0.615) | <.001 |
| Disability (either physical or psychological) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes | 0.510 (0.347) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
No | 0.759 (0.222) | 0.249 (0.235 to 0.263) | <.001 |
| Number of family members living together |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 | 0.683 (0.277) | N/A | N/A |
|
|
1 | 0.672 (0.307) | −0.010 (−0.048 to 0.027) | .58 |
|
|
2 | 0.689 (0.284) | 0.006 (−0.030 to 0.043) | .73 |
|
|
3 | 0.692 (0.281) | 0.009 (−0.028 to 0.046) | .63 |
|
|
≥4 | 0.699 (0.275) | 0.016 (−0.021 to 0.053) | .40 |
aN/A: not applicable.
bA currency exchange rate of CNY 1=US $0.14 is applicable.
cRD: rare disease.